</>Build with Tariff Intelligence|Programmatic access to tariff calculations and HS code classification.Explore Developer Resources →

Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell (DSSC) from Germany

Dye-sensitized solar cell using titanium dioxide photoelectrode and ruthenium dye, lab-scale individual cells not assembled. Classified HTS 8541.42.00.80 as photosensitive PV semiconductors. Low-cost alternative for indoor and shaded applications.

Duty Rate — Germany → United States

10%

Rate breakdown

9903.05.3910%Section 301 (forced labor) — European Union member state (col1 rate < 10 percent): MFN < 10% → total duty capped at 10%

Import Tips

Include electrolyte composition for liquid chemical import compliance

Document ruthenium dye concentration limits

Use sealed packaging to prevent dye degradation