Maleic Acid Anhydride-Derived Maleic Acid
Maleic acid produced through hydrolysis of maleic anhydride, explicitly covered under HTS 2917.19.23.00 as 'maleic acid' regardless of production method. Used primarily in resin manufacturing and as a precursor for malic acid production. Qualifies as chemically defined acyclic polycarboxylic acid per Chapter 29 note (a).
Import Duty Rates by Country of Origin
Alternative Classifications
This product could be classified differently depending on its characteristics or intended use.
If imported as maleic anhydride before hydrolysis
Maleic anhydride itself classifies under specific heading 2917.14.00 before conversion to maleic acid.
If for metal salts of maleic acid
Inorganic salts of organic acids like maleic acid salts classify with the organic acid per Chapter 29 note on salts.
If when put up in herbicide formulations
Maleic acid in pesticide formulations classifies as goods of Chapter 38 rather than pure chemical.
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Import Tips & Compliance
• Include production process documentation showing maleic anhydride hydrolysis to confirm eligibility under this specific subheading
• Label containers clearly distinguishing from direct-synthesized maleic acid to prevent reclassification disputes
• Test for residual maleic anhydride (<0.1%) as high levels may trigger different hazard classifications
Related Products under HTS 2917.19.23.00
Maleic Acid (99% Purity, Industrial Grade)
Maleic acid is a dicarboxylic acid with the formula HO2CCH=CHCO2H, classified under HTS 2917.19.23.00 as an acyclic polycarboxylic acid. This high-purity industrial grade product is used in the production of unsaturated polyester resins, coatings, and agricultural chemicals. It meets Chapter 29 requirements for separate chemically defined organic compounds.
Pharmaceutical Grade Maleic Acid USP
Ultra-pure maleic acid meeting United States Pharmacopeia (USP) standards for pharmaceutical applications, classified under HTS 2917.19.23.00. Used as counterion in drug salt formation and synthesis intermediate for APIs. Remains classified as the pure chemical compound despite high purity standards.
Maleic Acid Flakes (Technical Grade)
Technical grade maleic acid supplied in flake form for industrial applications, classified under HTS 2917.19.23.00. The physical form (flakes vs. powder) does not affect chemical classification as maleic acid. Primarily used in polyester resin production and water treatment formulations.
Stabilized Maleic Acid for Transport
Maleic acid with added polymerization inhibitor (hydroquinone 50-200 ppm) per Chapter 29 note (f) for safe transport, classified under HTS 2917.19.23.00. Stabilizer prevents exothermic polymerization during shipping. Used in unsaturated polyester resin manufacturing.
Food Contact Grade Maleic Acid
Maleic acid meeting FDA 21 CFR 175.300 specifications for food contact applications, classified under HTS 2917.19.23.00. Used in resin production for food packaging and as processing aid. Purity exceeds 99.5% with low heavy metals.
Maleic Acid for Unsaturated Polyester Resins
High-reactivity maleic acid specifically produced for unsaturated polyester resin (UPR) manufacture, classified under HTS 2917.19.23.00. Optimized color (APHA <20) and acid number (390-410 mg KOH/g). Essential raw material for composites and gelcoats.