Toluene-Derived Trans-Butenedioic Acid from Japan
High-purity trans-butenedioic acid (fumaric acid) from toluene oxidation processes, used in beverage acidulation and bioplastics. Derived from aromatic hydrocarbons qualifying for 2917.19.1500. Meets chemical purity standards of chapter 29 note (a).
Duty Rate — Japan → United States
12.5%
Rate breakdown
9903.05.4912.5%Section 301 (forced labor) — Japan (col1 rate < 12.5 percent): MFN < 12.5% → total duty capped at 12.5%
Import Tips
• Include FDA prior notice for food-grade shipments with lot purity certificates
• Verify trans isomer >98% via NMR to distinguish from cis-maleic acid
• Use NA1993 proper shipping name for non-regulated solid organic acid