Toluene-Derived Trans-Butenedioic Acid
High-purity trans-butenedioic acid (fumaric acid) from toluene oxidation processes, used in beverage acidulation and bioplastics. Derived from aromatic hydrocarbons qualifying for 2917.19.1500. Meets chemical purity standards of chapter 29 note (a).
Import Duty Rates by Country of Origin
Alternative Classifications
This product could be classified differently depending on its characteristics or intended use.
If adipic acid primary product
Longer chain acyclic dicarboxylic acids classified separately.
If when used as pigment dispersant
Preparations for specific color applications excluded per chapter note g.
If diammonium salt form
Organic salts of polycarboxylic acids classified with fertilizers.
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Import Tips & Compliance
• Include FDA prior notice for food-grade shipments with lot purity certificates
• Verify trans isomer >98% via NMR to distinguish from cis-maleic acid
• Use NA1993 proper shipping name for non-regulated solid organic acid
Related Products under HTS 2917.19.15.00
Aromatic-Derived Fumaric Acid
Fumaric acid produced through chemical processes involving aromatic hydrocarbons like benzene or toluene derivatives, used primarily in resins and polymer production. Classified under HTS 2917.19.1500 as an acyclic polycarboxylic acid derived in whole or part from aromatic hydrocarbons. Meets chapter 29 requirements for chemically defined organic compounds with specified oxygen functions.
Phthalic Anhydride Fumaric Coproduct
Fumaric acid obtained as byproduct from phthalic anhydride production via aromatic hydrocarbon oxidation processes. Falls under 2917.19.1500 due to aromatic derivation and acyclic polycarboxylic acid structure. Used in unsaturated polyester resins and food acidulant applications.
Xylene Oxidation Fumaric Acid
Fumaric acid synthesized via partial oxidation of mixed xylenes (aromatic hydrocarbons), purified for industrial use in alkyd resins. HTS 2917.19.1500 classification reflects aromatic derivation and acyclic nature per chapter 29 definitions. Excludes cyclic aromatic acids like phthalic.
Benzene Process Fumaric Acid
Fumaric acid isolated from benzene partial oxidation routes, primarily for unsaturated polyester resin manufacture. Aromatic hydrocarbon derivation confirmed by carbon isotope analysis. Classified 2917.19.1500 excluding cyclic byproducts like maleic anhydride.
Mixed Aromatics Fumaric Acid
Fumaric acid from coker light oil (mixed aromatics) processing, used in paper sizing and food preservation. HTS 2917.19.1500 applies due to partial aromatic hydrocarbon derivation meeting chapter specificity. Exceeds 99% purity for technical grade.
Cumene Oxidation Fumaric Byproduct
Fumaric acid recovered from cumene (isopropylbenzene) oxidation process streams, repurposed for polymer applications. Aromatic derivation via cumene qualifies for 2917.19.1500. Separated from primary acetone/phenol products.