Chapter 2844 — Customs Tariff Headings

2844.20.00Uranium enriched in U235 and its compounds; plutonium and its compounds; alloys, dispersions (including cermets), ceramic products and mixtures containing uranium enriched in U235, plutonium or compounds of these products

2844.30.00Uranium depleted in U235 and its compounds; thorium and its compounds; alloys, dispersions (including cermets), ceramic products and mixtures containing uranium depleted in U235, thorium or compounds of these products

2844.4Radioactive elements and isotopes and compounds other than those of subheading 2844.10, 2844.20 or 2844.30; alloys, dispersions (including cermets), ceramic products and mixtures containing these elements, isotopes or compounds; radioactive residues:

2844.50.00Spent (irradiated) fuel elements (cartridges) of nuclear reactors

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Products classified under Tariff item 28.44

Ammonium Diuranate Powder (ADU)

Ammonium diuranate powder (ADU), with the formula (NH4)2U2O7, is the primary precipitate from natural uranium ore leaching processes. It is a natural uranium compound, classified under tariff item 2844.10.00, and is calcined to UO3 as a precursor to yellowcake.

Ammonium Diuranate Precipitate

Ammonium diuranate precipitate ((NH4)2U2O7), a yellow intermediate from uranium ore processing, used for fuel fabrication. This is a chemically defined natural uranium compound, falling under heading 28.44.

Depleted Uranium Hexafluoride (DUF6)

Depleted uranium hexafluoride (DUF6) results from uranium enrichment tails, containing less than 0.711% U-235, and is stored for potential conversion to metal or oxide. Although depleted, it is classified under tariff item 2844.10.00 as a natural uranium compound, per the legal notes.

Depleted Uranium Metal Ingots

Depleted uranium metal ingots are solid forms of uranium with a reduced U-235 content, though they retain natural isotopic composition per tariff notes. These ingots are used in radiation shielding, counterweights, and military applications. They are classified under tariff item 2844.10.00 as natural uranium in metal form.

Natural Uranium Alloy Wire

Natural uranium alloy wire is a drawn wire made from natural uranium alloyed with zirconium, designed for nuclear reactor components. It is an unworked form of an alloy containing natural uranium, classified under tariff item 2844.10.00. This product is used in fuel cladding and structural elements in reactors.

Natural Uranium Depleted Metal Turnings

Machining turnings and chips from natural uranium metal processing, remaining classified as uranium metal despite their form. These turnings are not compounds and are recycled for fuel fabrication, falling under heading 28.44.

Natural Uranium Dioxide Powder

Natural uranium dioxide powder (UO2) is a black-brown powder used as the primary fuel material in nuclear reactors. It is a chemically defined compound of natural uranium, classified under tariff item 2844.10.00. This product is a key intermediate in nuclear fuel fabrication.

Natural Uranium Hexafluoride Feed Material

Natural uranium hexafluoride (0.711% U-235) serves as feed material for gaseous diffusion or centrifuge enrichment processes in nuclear power production. As a chemically defined compound of natural uranium, it is classified under tariff item 2844.10.00.

Natural Uranium Metal Billets

Semi-finished billets of natural uranium metal, composed primarily of U-238 with trace U-235, intended for forging into structural components. These billets are unalloyed and meet the definition of natural uranium under heading 28.44.

Natural Uranium Metal Foil

Thin rolled foil sheets of natural uranium metal, confirmed by spectrometry to have natural isotopic content. Used in research targets, these foils are unalloyed and fall under the natural uranium metal provisions of heading 28.44.

Natural Uranium Metal Ingots

Pure natural uranium metal cast into ingots, consisting primarily of U-238 with trace U-235, used in nuclear fuel production. These ingots are unalloyed and meet the definition of natural uranium under heading 28.44.

Natural Uranium Metal Pellets

Pressed pellets of natural uranium metal for research reactor fuel trials. These pellets are consolidated metal forms, distinguished from oxide fuel pellets, and fall under natural uranium metal in heading 28.44.

Natural Uranium Metal Plates

Rolled plates of natural uranium metal for shielding or reactor vessel applications. These plates are pure metal, unalloyed, and fall under the natural uranium metal provisions of heading 28.44.

Natural Uranium Metal Powder (Non-Dispersible)

Atomized natural uranium metal powder compacted for metallurgy, in a non-pyrophoric form. This powder is unalloyed natural uranium metal and falls under heading 28.44, despite being in powder form.

Natural Uranium Metal Rods

Cylindrical rods of natural uranium metal fabricated for machining into nuclear reactor components. These rods are unalloyed natural uranium metal, falling under heading 28.44, and exclude enriched or alloyed forms.

Natural Uranium Metal Slabs

Cast slabs of natural uranium metal serving as stock for further fabrication. These slabs are unalloyed natural uranium metal, classified under heading 28.44, and distinguished by their natural isotopic composition.

Natural Uranium Metal Wire

Drawn wire of natural uranium metal for experimental reactor applications. This wire is pure natural uranium metal, falling under heading 28.44, and excludes coated or insulated wire.

Natural Uranium Oxide Sintered Powder

Sintered uranium oxide powder, primarily a blend of UO2 and U3O8, is heat-treated to increase density and is used as a precursor in MOX fuel production. As a natural uranium oxide compound, it is classified under tariff item 2844.10.00.

Natural Uranium Peroxide Precipitate

Natural uranium peroxide precipitate (UO4·2H2O) forms during ore processing as an alternative to the ADU route. This white precipitate converts thermally to oxides for the fuel cycle and is classified under tariff item 2844.10.00 as a natural uranium compound.

Natural Uranium Silicide Ceramic

Natural uranium silicide ceramic is a dispersion of uranium silicide (U3Si2) in a ceramic matrix, designed for advanced reactor fuels. It is a ceramic product containing a natural uranium compound, classified under tariff item 2844.10.00. This material offers higher uranium density for improved fuel performance.

Reprocessed Natural Uranium Hexafluoride

Reprocessed natural uranium hexafluoride is UF6 recovered from reprocessing natural uranium reactor fuel, maintaining natural isotopic content for recycling. It is classified under tariff item 2844.10.00 as a natural uranium compound.

Research-Grade Uranium Hexafluoride

Research-grade uranium hexafluoride is high-purity UF6 for laboratory research on nuclear chemistry and isotope separation techniques, sourced from natural uranium. It falls under tariff item 2844.10.00 as a chemically defined natural uranium compound.

Sodium Diuranate Solution

Aqueous solution of sodium diuranate (Na2U2O7) used in uranium purification processes. This is a chemically defined natural uranium compound in solution, falling under heading 28.44.

Triuranium Octoxide Pellets (U3O8)

Triuranium octoxide (U3O8) in pellet form is a densified version of yellowcake used in advanced nuclear fuel prototyping and research. This natural uranium oxide compound is classified under tariff item 2844.10.00.

Triuranium Octoxide (U3O8) Yellowcake

Yellowcake, or U3O8, is the primary commercial form of natural uranium concentrate from ore milling. It is a chemically defined natural uranium compound, serving as the starting material for the nuclear fuel cycle, and falls under heading 28.44.

UO2 Uranium Oxide for Nuclear Fuel

High-purity UO2 uranium oxide powder, specifically manufactured for pressing into nuclear reactor fuel pellets, is a natural uranium compound. It is classified under tariff item 2844.10.00, which covers natural uranium and its compounds.

Uraninite Uranium Oxide Concentrate

Uraninite concentrate is a naturally occurring uranium oxide mineral (UO2) processed into powder form for further refinement into nuclear fuel. As a natural uranium compound, it falls under tariff item 2844.10.00.

Uranium Dioxide Powder (UO2)

Uranium dioxide (UO2) is a chemically defined compound of natural uranium, used primarily as fuel material in nuclear reactors. It falls under heading 28.44 as a natural uranium compound, distinct from processed metal forms.

Uranium Hexafluoride (UF6)

Uranium hexafluoride (UF6) is a volatile, white solid compound used primarily in the enrichment of uranium for nuclear fuel cycles. As a chemically defined compound of natural uranium, it is classified under tariff item 2844.10.00.

Uranium Metal Turnings

Machining turnings of natural uranium metal recovered from fabrication scrap. Though elemental, these turnings are classified under heading 28.44 as natural uranium metal, used for recycling in fuel fabrication.

Uranium Tetrafluoride Crystals (UF4)

Uranium tetrafluoride crystals (UF4), also known as green salt, are an intermediate compound in uranium processing from natural ore to fuel. They are classified under tariff item 2844.10.00 as a natural uranium compound, used in the conversion to uranium metal or hexafluoride.

Uranium Tetrafluoride Flakes

Uranium tetrafluoride flakes (UF4) are an intermediate compound produced during natural uranium conversion to fuel. These green flakes are a chemically defined compound of natural uranium, classified under tariff item 2844.10.00. UF4 is a critical step in producing uranium hexafluoride for enrichment or fuel fabrication.

Uranium Tetrafluoride Powder (UF4)

Uranium tetrafluoride (UF4), also known as green salt, is a key intermediate compound produced during the conversion of natural uranium ore into nuclear fuel or enrichment feed. As a chemically defined compound of natural uranium, it is classified under tariff item 2844.10.00, which covers natural uranium and its compounds.

Uranium Trioxide Powder (UO3)

Uranium trioxide (UO3) is an orange-yellow powder produced by thermally decomposing ammonium diuranate during uranium purification. It is a chemically defined compound of natural uranium, falling under tariff item 2844.10.00 as a natural uranium compound. This intermediate is used in nuclear fuel processing and other uranium-based applications.

Uranium Trioxide Yellowcake

Uranium trioxide yellowcake (U3O8) is a concentrated powder produced from milling natural uranium ore. It is a standard intermediate product in the nuclear fuel cycle, classified under tariff item 2844.10.00 as a natural uranium compound. Yellowcake is typically further processed into uranium hexafluoride or uranium dioxide.

Uranyl Nitrate Hexahydrate Crystals

Uranyl nitrate hexahydrate (UO2(NO3)2·6H2O) is a yellow crystalline compound of natural uranium, commonly used in nuclear fuel processing and as a chemical reagent. It is a chemically defined compound of natural uranium, falling under tariff item 2844.10.00.

Uranyl Nitrate Solution

Uranyl nitrate solution (UO2(NO3)2) is an aqueous solution produced during natural uranium purification. It is a chemically defined compound of natural uranium, classified under tariff item 2844.10.00. This solution is essential for solvent extraction processes in nuclear fuel production.

Uranyl Nitrate Solution (UO2(NO3)2)

Uranyl nitrate solution (UO2(NO3)2) is a yellow, water-soluble intermediate used in uranium purification and conversion processes. As a chemically defined compound of natural uranium, it is classified under tariff item 2844.10.00. This solution is essential for producing nuclear fuel and other uranium derivatives.

Yellowcake Uranium Oxide (U3O8)

Yellowcake, chemically uranium oxide (U3O8), is an intermediate product from uranium ore milling, appearing as a yellow powder used in fuel fabrication. It is classified under tariff item 2844.10.00 as a natural uranium compound.

Americium-241 Calibration Source

Americium-241 calibration source is a radioactive source containing americium-241, used for calibration of radiation detection equipment. Americium-241 is a radioactive isotope with atomic number 95, which is greater than 84, and thus falls under heading 28.44. However, tariff item 2844.20.00 specifically covers uranium enriched in U235, plutonium and their compounds, alloys, dispersions, ceramic products and mixtures. Americium-241 is not uranium enriched in U235 or plutonium, so it would not be classified under this tariff item.

Ammonium Diuranate Enriched in U235

Ammonium diuranate (ADU) enriched in U235 is a yellow precipitate from enriched uranium solutions, calcined to produce UO3 or UO2. This compound is used in uranium purification processes. It is classified under this tariff item as an 'other' uranium compound enriched in U235.

Ammonium Uranyl Fluoride ((NH4)2U2O3F8)

Ammonium uranyl fluoride ((NH4)2U2O3F8) is an intermediate double salt used in uranium purification and fuel fabrication processes. This compound contains uranium enriched in U235 and is classified under this tariff item. It is a chemically defined compound of enriched uranium.

Depleted Uranium Alloy Armor Penetrators

Depleted uranium alloy armor penetrators are projectiles made from depleted uranium metal, often alloyed with other metals, designed for military armor-piercing applications. Although the description mentions high-enriched uranium (HEU) metal disks, the product as described is a depleted uranium alloy, which is not enriched in U235. Under the legal notes, goods answering to a description in heading 28.44 are classified there, but depleted uranium is not covered by tariff item 2844.20.00 which specifically requires enrichment in U235 or plutonium content. This product would not fall under this tariff item.

Depleted Uranium Oxide (DUO2) Test Material

Depleted uranium oxide (DUO2) test material, with a U235 content below 0.711%, is used for calibrating isotopic analysis instruments. Although primarily depleted, it is classified under this tariff item because it is a uranium compound that may be referenced for testing purposes. The product is presented as a powder for laboratory use.

Enriched Uranium Metal Powder 20% U235

Atomized powder of uranium metal enriched to 20% U235, used for research reactor targets or as HALEU feed. This elemental form of enriched uranium falls under tariff item 2844.20.00 as a product containing uranium enriched in U235.

Enriched Uranyl Peroxide (UO4·2H2O) Precipitate

Uranyl peroxide dihydrate is an oxide-related compound of U235-enriched uranium used in purification processes. It falls under tariff item 2844.20.00 as a compound of enriched uranium.

High-Assay Low-Enriched Uranium (HALEU) Oxide

UO2 or U3O8 powder enriched to 19% U235, classified as HALEU for advanced reactors. This compound of uranium enriched in U235 is covered by tariff item 2844.20.00 for emerging small modular reactor fuel.

High-Assay Low-Enriched Uranium (HALEU) Pellets

High-Assay Low-Enriched Uranium (HALEU) pellets are uranium dioxide pellets enriched to 5-19.75% U235, used as fuel for advanced nuclear reactors. These pellets are compounds of uranium enriched in U235, and therefore fall under tariff item 2844.20.00. The product is a fabricated fuel form for next-generation nuclear reactors, requiring special handling and regulatory compliance.

Highly Enriched Uranium (HEU) Metal Foil

Rolled foil of 93% U235 uranium metal for research or downblending. This elemental form of highly enriched uranium falls under tariff item 2844.20.00 as a product containing uranium enriched in U235.

Mixed Uranium Oxide (MOX) Powder Fuel Blend

MOX powder consists of plutonium-uranium mixed oxide where the uranium component is enriched in U235, used for advanced reactor fuel. It qualifies under tariff item 2844.20.00 due to containing compounds of uranium enriched in U235 and plutonium.

Mixed Uranium-Plutonium Oxide (MOX) Powder

Mixed Uranium-Plutonium Oxide (MOX) powder is a blend of 5-7% PuO2 in a UO2 matrix, with an enriched uranium base, used as fuel for light water reactors. This product is a mixture containing both uranium enriched in U235 and plutonium compounds, and is explicitly covered by tariff item 2844.20.00. The product is used in nuclear fuel fabrication and is subject to stringent regulatory controls.

Plutonium-239 Dioxide Powder

PuO2 powder derived from plutonium-239, a fissile isotope used in mixed oxide (MOX) nuclear fuel fabrication. This compound of plutonium falls under tariff item 2844.20.00 per Chapter 28 notes on radioactive isotopes.

Plutonium-239 Oxide Powder (PuO2)

Plutonium-239 oxide powder (PuO2) is a plutonium dioxide powder containing the Pu-239 isotope, used in MOX fuel fabrication. Plutonium and its compounds are explicitly covered by tariff item 2844.20.00, which includes plutonium and its compounds, alloys, dispersions, ceramic products and mixtures. This high-purity powder is used for nuclear reactor applications and is subject to strict regulatory oversight.

Plutonium Alloy Pu-1% Ga

Delta-phase stabilized plutonium alloy with 1% gallium, used in weapons or research. As an alloy containing plutonium, it is explicitly included in tariff item 2844.20.00.

Plutonium-Beryllium Neutron Source

Plutonium-Beryllium neutron source is an encapsulated combination of plutonium and beryllium that produces neutrons via an alpha-neutron reaction. This product is a mixture containing plutonium, and is therefore covered by tariff item 2844.20.00, which includes mixtures containing plutonium or compounds of these products. It is used for calibration and oil well logging applications.

Plutonium-Gallium Alloy Ingots

Plutonium-Gallium alloy ingots are stabilized delta-phase plutonium alloys used for pit manufacturing. This product is a plutonium alloy, which is explicitly covered by tariff item 2844.20.00, which includes alloys containing plutonium. The precise gallium content is critical for nuclear weapons component material, and the product is subject to strict regulatory controls.

Plutonium Metal Ingot

Cast ingot of plutonium metal (primarily Pu-239), used as feed material for oxide production. As elemental plutonium, it is classified in tariff item 2844.20.00. Highly reactive and pyrophoric.

Plutonium Trifluoride (PuF3)

Plutonium trifluoride (PuF3) is a chemically defined compound used in nuclear research and pyrochemical reprocessing of spent fuel. This product contains plutonium, a fissile element, and is classified under this tariff item. It is presented as a powder for laboratory or industrial use.

Plutonium Trifluoride (PuF3) Crystals

Crystalline PuF3 used in plutonium metal reduction processes. This inorganic compound of plutonium falls under tariff item 2844.20.00 as a compound of plutonium.